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Notes from the people building it.

Engineering deep-dives, architecture decisions and the reasoning behind them.

Ali Nazari

What “Real Time” Means When Three People Say It

The phrase survives in specifications because everyone believes they understand it. Three people around a table can mean three different things by it, and the system gets built to the vaguest one.

latencyreal timecontrol systems
Ali Nazari

Pricing a Maintenance Contract for Connected Equipment

Service agreements written for mechanical equipment do not survive contact with software. Here is what changes, and how both sides usually get it wrong before they get it right.

service contractsmaintenancelifecycle
Ali Nazari

Why Two Sensors Disagree

Two instruments measuring the same thing give different numbers, and the argument that follows is usually about which is right. It is nearly always the wrong question.

measurementinstrumentationreconciliation
Ali Nazari

The Handover Pack That Gets Used

Most as-built documentation is written to satisfy a contract clause and read by nobody. A small amount of it, written differently, is what a technician opens at three in the morning.

documentationhandoveras-built
Ali Nazari

Buying a Machine With Software In It

The mechanical parts of a capital purchase are covered by decades of contract practice. The software inside is usually covered by a licence nobody in the room has read.

procurementcontractslicensing
Ali Nazari

Commissioning Wireless in a Building Full of Metal

A radio plan drawn on a floor plan assumes the floor plan is what the radio sees. It isn't. Racking, tanks, mesh decking and forklifts are the actual propagation environment.

wirelesssite surveyRF propagation
Ali Nazari

The First Week After Go-Live

A system that passed its acceptance test has been proved to work under the conditions someone wrote down. The first week is when it meets the conditions nobody wrote down.

commissioninggo-livesupport
Ali Nazari

When a Historian Beats a Database

Time-series data has an access pattern that ordinary databases handle badly and specialist ones handle well. The decision usually turns on tag count, query shape and who has to maintain it.

historiantime seriesdata architecture
Ali Nazari

Planning the Shutdown You Get Once a Year

Everything that cannot be done on a running plant queues up for one window. The instrumentation and controls work in that queue fails for predictable reasons, most of them scheduling rather than technical.

shutdownturnaroundcommissioning
Ali Nazari

Choosing a Connector, and Living With It

M12 is not one thing. Coding, contact plating, mating cycles and whether the operator can feel the thread in the dark all decide whether the connector is a detail or the reason the line stopped.

connectorsM12IP rating
Ali Nazari

What Your Cable Is Actually Rated For

Cable gets specified by conductor size and then installed in a drag chain, buried in a duct with a drive cable, or pulled round a corner tighter than its bend radius. Each of those has a number attached.

cablingdrag chainEMC
Ali Nazari

What to Log When Something Goes Wrong

Most device logs are written for the developer who wrote the firmware and read by a technician standing in the rain. Here is what actually helps, and what to leave out.

diagnosticsloggingfirmware

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